WW1 Test Review

Amendments: 15-19
15- Prohibits the denial of suffrage based of race or previous condition of servitude
16- Allows the federal government to collect income tax
17- Establishes the direct election of US Senators by popular vote
18- Prohibition of alcohol
19- Establishes women’s suffrage

What is important about Henry Ford? How did he change America?

-He was the first person to use the assembly line. Was able to mass produce cars. He payed his workers more, so they were able to buy his cars. 
- Road system came to be

What is important about Charles Lindbergh? How did he symbolize the times?

-First person to fly across the Atlantic ocean alone. Americans can rally behind him, bring them together. First international star. 


What were "pool operators" and how were they crooked?
-Political machines. Political bosses. They collected votes. They would bribe people to vote a creation way. Give immigrants jobs, so they would get their vote. Gain votes for their candidate. 

How were stocks inflated? How did this cause the crash?

-People were buying stocks, use them as a way to gain money. New thing for the public. Buying stocks for companies that were off the ground yet. 


What was Black Thursday and Black Tuesday?

-Oct. 24th 1929, 13 million shares of stock were sold off. 
-Oct. 29th 1939, lost a record 16.4 million shares.

What was Hoover's view of Government relief programs?

- He believed that relief programs were communistic and socialistic

- Business would rewrite its self
     -hey would be able to pull themselves out of the Depression

What was the "Bonus Army"? What did it do? What happened to it? 

- Vetrans who fought in WW1, were told they would receive a bonus. So when the depression came along, they asked if they could have the bonus now, instead of later. They camped out, but they wouldn't give them the money. They were kicked off public grounds. 

What happened during the "Hundred Days"?

- first hundred days of Roosevelt's office. New Deal. Congress wanted to make new laws to start rebuilding the companies. 
Laws:
Civilian Conservation Corps
Public Works Administration
Social Security Act

What was the WPA and what did it do?

- Works Progressive Administration
- Employed men and women to build hospitals, schools, parks, and airports. It employed artists, writers and musicians. 


What were some programs set up during the Depression that are still with us today?

- Minimum Wage
- Child Labor
- Social Security
- Government Insured Banks


What were Roosevelt's FIRESIDE CHATS and why did they become important?

-His radio discussions
-He would sit by the fire and talk about his views on the radio
- The people felt like they were talking to him directly
-They were confident builders

Discuss the philosophical reasons World War I began.

- Nationalisim. 
- Searching for independence. 


What was the initial spark that began World War I?

-The assassination of Arch-Duke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary


Who were the allies? Who were the central powers?

- Allies- Great Britain, France and Russia, Japan, Italy

- Central Powers- Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman (Turkish) Empire.

List five advancements in technology that lead to high causalities.

- Poison Gas
- Tanks
- Airplanes
- Machine Guns
- German U-boats

Describe tench warfare.

-You dig a trench and hide in it and shoot at the opposing side
-The trench helped guaranty that your head wouldn’t get shot off as long as you stayed in the trench.


What was the Lusitania?

-  British passenger ship that the Germans torpedoed

- Germans thought that it was carrying weapons (later discovered that it was) and decided to sink it

- There were 100 some American passengers on it

Why did America eventually enter the war (list two reasons)?

- Zimmerman’s Telegram

-War costs money

When was the Russian Revolution?

- March 1917

Discuss the importance of the Battle of the Marne.

-September 5-12, 1914
-Marne River few miles east of Paris
-Saved Paris from invasion by the Germans and boosted French morale
-Made is clear that neither side was going to win the war easily or quickly


How did World War I change the United States?

- The US comes out economically stronger
-  Emerges from the war as one of the World Powers

Discuss the Treaty of Versailles. What did it do? Why did the U.S. reject it?

-June 28, 1919
-Germany had to:
   - Accept FULL responsibility for the war
   - Pay billion of dollars in reparations to the Allies
   - Disarm completely
   - Give up its overseas colonies and some territory in Europe
-Carved up the Austro-Hungarian and Russian Empires to create new nations or restore old ones
-US Rejection
   - Some Americans thought the treaty was too harsh
   - Henry Cabot Lodge thought that if the US joined the League of Nations that American troops and ships might be called to any part of the world by a nation other than the US

Who was Marcus Garvey? What were his ideas?

- He was the one who was born into a poor family. Moved to new york, he didn't want more black people to live in american. You should be proud of your heritage. 


How was Harding's Presidency corrupt?

Once he was elected, he admitted he didn't know what he was doing. So he hired a lot of his friends to help him out and not make him look stupud. Most of them were corrupt too. 


How did the 20s change America? (think consumer society, entertainment, sports, fashion, politics)

- Prohibition

- Speakeasies

- Flappers

- Babe Ruth

- Miss America Pageant

- Tabloid-style newspapers

- Movies

What was the Harlem Renaissance? List three members.

-A literary and cultural movement that began right after the end of WWI

-  Large numbers of African Americans moved North in search of jobs and new opportunities

- Langston Hughes

- Countee Cullen

- Claude McKay

How did prohibition lead to the raise of organized crime? 

- Many people started making wine or bathtub gin in their homes
- Speakeasies came about
- People started bootlegging because they realized there was a lot of money that could be made


Who was Al Calpone?
-American gangster
-controlled organized crime and local politics in Chicago
-Bootlegger


What was the Dust Bowl?

- Drought in the middle of the country

- Farmers used tractors and disc plows to clear millions of acre of sod for wheat farming

- They didn’t know that the roots of the grass had held the soil in place

- During the severe drought when the crops dried up, the soil dried up as well

- Strong prairie winds blew the soil away too.

Discuss entertainment during the 1930s?

- Silent films
- Talkies
- Radio shows
- Sports radio shows
- People could hear the game without being there

Who was Huey Long? What did he promise people?

- Tax the Rich. Give poor people money, an annual income of 2500. 

How did Roosevelt try and stack the Supreme Court?

- He wanted to make it so there were 15 members of the Supreme Court instead of 9
- He would get to pick the other six members

Chapter. 24 questions- 10-15

10. Consumers would pay a small regular amounts over a period of time.
11. He was the first pilot to ever fly alone across the atlantic ocean.
12. Bessie Smith. Louis Armstrong. Duke Ellington.
13. The government went after communists. They ransacked homes, and arrested thousands of people. They were looking for large piles of dynamite and large stock piles of weapons.
14. He was apposed to joining them.
15. Movies, radio, baseball, football.

World War 1 Question

1) What ideas or ideologies lead to World War I beginning? 

Serbian search for independence 
nationalism

2) Outline the specific events in 1914 that led to a World War.

The Serbians wanted to be recognized as an independent nation
Franz Ferdinand assassinated
Many people with alliances lashed out at the Serbians
Serbians lashed back


3) What advancements in technology help create massive causalities?

Improved cannons. Other artillery fired larger shells with greater distances. 
Also poison gas. It was first used by Germans. It could kill or seriously injure anyone who breathed it. 
German U-Boat


4) How did the forming of alliances increase the likelihood of war?

If one country came into war, and they had an alliance with another war, it would become a world war. Everyone one would start fighting because everyone was in an alliance. 


5) List the Allies ad the Central Powers during the war. Allies- Great Britain, France and Russia, Japan, Italy
Central Powers- Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman (Turkish) Empire.


6) Explain how world war in Europe brought an economic boom for the United States.

They were suppling the US troops and other Allies with food, war-related goods, weapons and such things. 


7) Briefly discuss the importance of the following battles: Marne, Verdun, Somme, Gallipoli, Argonne Forest.

Marne:
September 5-12, 1914
Marne River few miles east of Paris
Saved Paris from invasion by the Germans and boosted French morale
Made is clear that neither side was going to win the war easily or quickly


Verdun:
February-December 1916 (on and off)
Northeastern France
Trench warfare
Germans made small gains but lost after the French counterattacked
One of the longest and bloodiest battles of the war
More than 750,000 French & German soldiers died


Somme:
July 1916
Northern France
High number of casualties
Allies only gain 7 miles in the offensive


Gallipoli:
April 25, 1916 - January 9, 1916
French and British wanted to capture Istanbul and secure a sea route to Russia
They failed
Heavy Casualties on both sides - Allies = 220,000 Central = 251,000
First major battle undertaken by the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (considered the birth of national consciousness of the these countries)
The Turkish struggle eventually led to the Turkish War of Independence and the establishment of the Republic of Turkey 8 years later under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk


Argonne Forest:
September-November 1918
West of Verdun
More than a million Americans join Allies
Raged for nearly seven weeks
Soldiers struggled through heavily forested ground, rain, mud, barbed wire, and withering fire from German machine guns
Many Casualties
Allies finally pushed back the Germans and broke through enemy lines
Allies invaded Germany


8) Who was the U.S. General in Command during the war?
General John J. Pershing


9) Write three questions of your own based on information that you found interesting in these sections.
What would've happened if no one had allies?
What would America be like now if we would've never joined the war?




Questions pg. 692 5-17 


5) Why did nations form alliances?
To keep peace by creating a balance of power. It prevented one country from dominating the others. 


6) Why did the Zimmerman telegram push the US toward war?
The German's tried to bribe the Mexican's into fighting for them. They told the Mexican's that if they fought for them they would get their land back that was taken by the American's in the Mexican-Americna War.

7) What was the Sussex Pledge?
Germany pledged to not target passenger ships, not attack merchant ships unless war supplies were onboard, and to not sink the chips until all passengers and crew had be saved. 


8) Who won the presidency in the election on 1916?
Woodrow Wilson


9) How did Russia's withdrawal affect WWI?
The Allies needed more troops 
In 1918 Vladimir Lenin signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany which surrendered Poland, the Ukraine and other territory to the Germans. 
Allowed Germans to moved thousands of troops from the Eastern Front to the Western Front in France


10) In what ways did the war help improve conditions for American workers?
The government needed them to produce the goods for the war, so more jobs were created. 


11) Who were the leaders at the Paris Peace Conference?Premier Georges Clemenceau of France
Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando of Italy
President Woodrow Wilson of the US
Prime Minister David Lloyd George of Great Britain


12) What was Henry Cabot Lodge's greatest concern about the League of Nations?
That if the US joined to League of Nations that American troops and ships may be called to any part of the world by a nation other than the US. 


13) What advantages did airplanes provide in the war?
Spying

14) How did President Wilson use Russia's revolution in March of 1917 to gain support for the war?
Many American's thought that Russia's new government would help the Allies. Wilson could then claim that the Allies were fighting a war of democracy against autocracy.


15) What four nations dominated the Paris Peace Conference?
US
Great Britain
France 
Italy


16) Explain the causes of the labor shortage in the United States during the war.
It provided new job opportunities for women and minorities.
Thousands of Mexican's also migrated to the US 


17) Outline section 5 

Ch. 19 & 21 Notes

CH. 21!
Railroad: By 1900, there were 250,000 miles of railroad track laid. James J. Hill and Cornelius Vanderbilt were the railroad barons at the time, controlled up to 90% of the railroad at the time. Because of this, they could charge whatever price they wanted to people. However, they could cut deals for their rich buddies so they could travel at lower prices.
Railroad transport was very important as it moved resources from the west-to-east, east-to-west.

Railroad technology: Air brakes, refrigerated railcars, luxurious sleeping cars, electromagnetic braking systems, as well as dining cars. 

Railroads also affected how Americans thought about time, people would measure the trip into how many hours it was instead of miles, and this is how time zones came about!


Improved communication inventions: Telephone made in 1876, telegraph.

Other inventions: Kodak Camera invented in 1888, Lewis Latimer improved on the lightbulb, giving it a threaded socket and an improved filament, automatic shoemaking machine. 


Thomas Edison inventions: Telephone transmitters, storage battery, electric lightbulbs made in 1879, phonograph made in 1877

THE AGE OF BIG BUSINESS!

      Oil was one of the biggest industries back then, and people were finding better, more efficient ways to get it out of the earth faster. Cars were becoming powered by gasoline which helped people get the oil faster and with more reason. Steel business was booming with all the railroads being built and in heavy use. Development of new manufacturing tools made steel very inexpensive.

     The corporations grew larger. J.D. Rockefeller and his railroad business and Andrew Carnegie with his steel industry were becoming highly successful.

Many mergers happened at this time, since there many monopolies, people would combine businesses to form corporations to be more beneficial to both parties.  

SHERMAN ANTITRUST ACT 

This law was in 1890, and it sought to protect trade and commerce from unlawful restraint and commerce. However, it didn't fully define trusts or monopolies so people began to reinterpret the act.

INDUSTRIAL WORKERS!

     In 1800's most working women were domestic servants, but then by the 1900's more than 1,000,000 women worked in the industry. But since no laws regulate women's salaries, they earned half of what men earned for the same work. 

In 1900, a thousand children under the age of 16 were working for the industry. Many states began passing laws that children couldn't work until they were 12 and couldn't work more than 10 hours a day.

Unsatisfied workers formed labor unions so that they could get better working conditions and salaries for them.


CH. 19!

Theodore Roosevelt

-1902, he ordered the justice department to take legal action against certain trusts that had violated the Sherman Antitrust Act. He targeted the Northern Securities Company, a railroad monopoly. The trust was broken apart.

-He obtained a total of 25 legal charges against trusts in the beef, oil, and tobacco companies.

-He made the United Mine Workers have a normal work patterns so more people got more hours and more pay.

-He enforced the U.S. Forest Service in 1905 to help conserve natural resources. He reserved millions of acres of national forest.

William Howard Taft

-He won more antitrust in four years then Roosevelt did in seven.

-He favored the introduction of safety standers in the mines and railroad.

-In 1912, Roosevelt challenged Roosevelt in the election because he was disappointed in Taft. He thought that he was changed his ways. Roosevelt was angry that he didn’t get the nomination on the first ballot so he formed the Progressive party. Neither of them won, Wilson did.

Woodrow Wilson

-He achieved tariff reform in 1913.

-That same year, Congress also passed the Federal Reserve Act to regulate banking.

-In 1914 he established the Federal Trade Commission to investigate corporations for unfair trade practices. 

Ch. 21 Questions

7) By doing favors for people, like making Turkey dinners, summer boat rides, getting jobs for immigrants, and helping needy families. 


8) They exposed injustices and corruptions. 


9) 17th


10) 19th


11) Settling a dipute by agreeing to accept the decision of an impartial outsider. 


12)  Because Roosevelt thought Taft stole nominations from him. 


13) To regulate Banking


14) Unequal treatment becuase of their race, religion, ethnic background, or place of birth. 


15) He was one of the founders of the Society of American Indians, he was raised by whites, became an activist to show the governments abuse of Native Americans Rights. 


16) Because they encountered discrimination. They wanted to raise money for insurance and legal help. 


17) It gave people a voice in selecting their representatives. 


18) The government wanted fair prices. 


19) 19th Amendment- Women had the right to vote.
       Recall- Enabled voters to remove unsatisfactory elected officials from their jobs
       Initiative-Allowed citizens to place a measure or issue on the ballot in a state election
       Referendum- Gave voters the opportunity to accept or reject measures that the state legislature enacted 

Ch. 19 questions

5) What improvements in railway transportation were brought about by new technology?

Air Brakes
Refrigerated Cars
Janney Car Couplers
Pullman Sleeping Car
Electromagnetic Brakes

6) What were four of Thomas Edison's inventions?

Electric Lightbulb
Phonograph
Telephone Transmitter
Storage Battery
7) What inventions improved communications in the late 1800s?

Telephone
Telegraph

8) What manufacturing methods did Henry Ford use to make his new automobile affordable?

The assembly line

9) What is vertical integration?

Acquiring companies that provided the equipment and services needed
10) What action did Congress take to control trusts and monopolies in response to pressure from the American people?

Sherman Antitrust Act poop
11) What is collective bargaining?

Unions represent workers in bargaining with management
12) How did the Haymarket Riot of 1886 affect public opinion about the labor movement?

Many people associated the labor movement with terrorism and disorder
13) Describe the contributions of African American inventors in the late 1800s.
Jan E. Matzeliger developed a shoe-making machine

Lewis Howard Latimer developed an improved filament for the light bulb.
Elijah McCoy invented a mechanism for oiling machinery
Granville Woods patented the electric incubator, electromagnetic brake, and an automatic circuit breaker.

14) How did horizontal integration differ from vertical integration?
Horizontal combines competing firms into one corporation.
Vertical acquired companies that provided the needed equipment and services.
15) Why did the workers think that forming organized labor unions would help them get what they wanted from employers?
16) Describe two ways in which the growing railroad network helped American industry.
Industrial westward expansion
Farmers moving west
17) What forms of transportation moved goods into and out of this region?
Trains
Ships
18) What industry grew in the timbered regions of Wisconsin and Michigan?
Sawmills
19) Identify the major iron/steel manufacturing centers shown on the map.
South Bend
Detroit
Cleveland
Youngstown
Buffalo
Pittsburgh

20) If you traveled from Florida to California, what time zones would you cross?
Eastern
Central
Mountain
Pacific
21) If it is 6 AM in Maine, what time is it in Hawaii?
1 AM
22) If it is 3 PM in Texas, what time is it in Alaska?
12 PM

Civil War Final Questions.

·      What was the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendment?

o   13^th

            - Legally ended slavery

o   14^th

- Made African Americans, citizens of the US

o   15^th

- “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”

- Gave Black men the right to vote

·      How was the 14th Amendment reinterpreted?

o   No state shall discriminate the blacks

·      How was the 15th Amendment interrupted?

·      List ways a slave rebelled.

o   Runaway

o   Slow down their work (Production)

o   Physically rebel

·      Zinn tries to show slavery from a slave’s perspective, what are three things he says?

o   Slavery would not end until the North found it economically ok to end it.

o   Even though they sang and danced at night, they weren’t happy.

o   Slavery wasn’t cruel in some places.

·      Average Age of a Soldier

o   25

·      Name two slave uprisings.

o   Nat Turner’s Rebellion

o   Conspiracy of Denmark Vey

·      How many people died in the Civil War?

o   620,000 total

§  2% of population

o   Confederates lost 260,000 out of 1 million that enlisted

o   Union lost 360,000 out of 2,300,000 that enlisted

·      Give the dates of the war.

o   April 1861 – April 1865

·      Battles

o   Gettysburg

§  July 1-3, 1863

·      South surrendered on July 4^th

§  Lee’s second invasion of the north

§  Picket’s charge

§  Blood bath

·      70,00 men lost

o   South lost 28,000

§  Northern Victory

o   Appomattox Courthouse

§  April 8, 1865

§  Lee surrendered to Grant

§  Terms of surrender were generous

·      Confederate officers were free to go home with their horses

·      Officers retained their side arms

§  Gives them three days worth of rations

o   Antietam           

§  Sept., 17, 1863

§  Bloodiest single day in American History

§  Northern Victory

§  The southern loss discouraged Britain and France from recognizing the South as a country

§  North finally has a victory that allows Lincoln to put the Emancipation Proclamation into effect

§  Even though McClellan had Lee’s battle plans before the battle started, they still fought until a draw

·       Lee retreats though so it is technically a Northern victory

o   Shiloh

§  April 6-7, 1862

§   Fought in lower TN (deep in the South)

§  Confederate forces under General Albert Sidney Johnson attacked Grant’s army

§  Union forces were almost defeated but reinforcements arrived and drove the Confederates off

§    Losses

·      Union

o   13,000

·      Confederate

o   11,000

§  Importance

·      Albert Sidney Johnson dies

o   General who protected the west

o   He lead a series of charges against the Union forces

o    His death caused the Confederates to retreat

·      As one of the first battles of the war there are more casualties than all other previous wars (fought on American soil) combined

o   Bull Run

§  1^st Battle

·      Confederate armies under Joe Johnston & Beauregard defeat the Union troops

·      Poor Union generalship is partially to blame for their loss

·      Confederate Victory

·      Stonewall Jackson receives his nickname

§  2nd Battle

·      August 30, 1862

·      Confederate Generals Lee, Jackson & James Longstreet defeat Union forces under General John Pope

·      They forced Union troops to evacuate back to Washington

o   Chancellorsville

§  May 2-4, 1863

§  Losses for both sides exceed 10,000 soldiers

§  Lee’s army defeats Hooker’s army

§  Stonewall Jackson leads an attack from behind, but is mistakenly shot by a Confederate soldier

·      Dies a few days later because of an infection

o   Sherman’s March to the Sea

§  Marched started on November 16, 1863

§  No one was fighting him

§  His orders were to destroy anything in his path so that ‘a crow flying overhead would have to carry his own provisions (And he did)

·      People

o   Albert Sidney Johnson

§  Dies in Battle of Shiloh

·      Shot in the back of the leg

·      No one could replace him to stop grant

§  Confederate General

o   Ulysses S. Grant

§  18^th president

§  General for the union

§  Controlled whole union army

·      Hero of civil war

§  Responsible of surrender of confederates at Courthouse

§  Victorious general

o   Joe Johnson

§  Eventually takes over army in TN

§  Surrenders to Sherman at the end of the war

§  Died of pneumonia

o   Joe Hooker

§  Union General

§  Pretty much beaten by Lee and Stonewall at Chancellorsville

o   Tecumseh Sherman

§  Lead Shermans March

§  Union General

§   

o   Robert E. Lee

§  Wins most battles fought on southern soil

·      Starts losing battles when he invaded the north

§  Confederate General

o   Thomas Stonewall Jackson

§  Confederate General

o   Harriet Tubman

§   She was born a Maryland slave who made her way to freedom in 1849 only to immediately return to the South to help other slaves escape. She made some 19 trips and helped at least 300 slaves to freedom.

§  During the Civil War she served with Union troops as a cook and a spy behind Confederate lines

o   Frederick Douglas

§  He was an escaped slave that bashed on the war through his own newspaper. He was able to escape because of the Underground Railroad, which was purposely discussed vaguely in his autobiography because he didn’t want to put the people who aided him in danger.

§  During the Civil War, he became an advisor for Lincoln. He recruited soldiers for the Union caused and lobbied for their equal pay. After the war, he accepted numerous government appointments and eventually became the ambassador to Haiti.

·      Why does the author suggest that John Brown had a sense of humor?

o   When there was a $250 bounty on his head, he reciprocated by placing a $2.50 bounty on President Buchanan. 

·      What was John Brown's plan?

o       He was going to take over the arsenal, he had hoped that other slaves would come and fight with him and they would free slaves as they went south. No one showed up and is captured by the Captain.

·      Why did John Brown become a symbol?

o   He was viewed as a martyr for the Northern Abolitionists. 

o   For the South he became a symbol of what was to come 

·      When and why did South Carolina succeed from the Union?

o   They thought they had a right to leave if they wanted to

o   1st state to succeed           

·      What was the Reconstruction?

o   A series of Acts used to punish the South

o   Divided the South into military regions controlled by Military Governors

o   Set up requirements for the states to be able to come back into the US

·      Why did the Ku Klux Klan form?

o   Some white people didn’t like the fact that black people were becoming their equals.  

·      Discuss Andrew Johnson's impeachment.

o   He was a drunk

o   He tried to remove one of the members of his own cabinet from office. 

o   He was trying to follow Lincoln's plan with a few changes

o   He was from TN

o   He was a Democrate

o   The North didn't really like him

·      How did the Civil War shape our lives today?

o   If the Confederates had won, there would still be slaves. (Obviously)

o   The war ended a few questions that the Revolution didn't

o   State Rights VS Central Government

o   Idea of Slavery

o   Sets forth the idea of equality

o   Didn't do anything for woman's rights though

·      Name three ways the Civil War changed the South.

o   No more slaves

o   Their economy was dead

o    They had to find a new source of income

o   No slaves to pick their cotton or tobacco

o   They were brought back into the US

o   Their farm lands were ruined

o    It gave rise to what became a time of terror and racism (such as the KKK)

·      What constitutional right did Lincoln suspend?

o   Habeas Corpus

o   Legal action that a prisoner can be released from unfair jailing

o    Lincoln does this for a reason

o   Delaware & Maryland surrounded the Capitol

o   He wanted to make sure that DE & MD didn’t go to the South to protect the Capitol

·      List the four Border States.

o   Kentucky

o   Missouri

o   Delaware

o   Maryland

·      Why did West Virginia form?

o   It was fairly politically divided state, so they split from Virginia

·      What disadvantages did the South face?

o   Not industrialized (out produced)

o   The North had way more soldiers

o   North had more money

o   North had more factories

·      Why did the Confederate States believe they had a right to leave the Union?

o   They thought they had a constitutional right to leave

o   They joined because they wanted to, they thought they could leave because they wanted to

·      What were the three main strategies of the Union?

o   Blockade the Docks so the South couldn’t trade with other countries

o   Get the Mississippi River, to make supplies & movement difficult

o   Divide the South in two

o   Take Richmond, VA

o   Capitol of the south

·      What was the outcome of Bull Run?

o   The Union soldiers lost twice

·      ·What were Lincoln’s reasons for the Emancipation Proclamation?

o   He wanted to use it as a political weapon

o   He was trying to make the slaves run away and rebel

·      How was the Civil War a rich man’s war but a poor man’s fight?

o   People often paid poor people to fight for them

o   Even in the South the majority of the people who fought in the front lines were poor men who didn’t own slaves.

·      Discuss the importance of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg.

o   Both turning points of the war

·      How did Sherman use “Total War” against the South?

o   He wanted to shut down all of the South’s resources by destroying everything in his path

§  And he did

·       Who were the Presidents of the Confederacy and the United States during the Civil War?

o    Union

§  Abraham Lincoln

o   Confederate

§  Jefferson Davis

·      What, exactly, did the Emancipation Proclamation do?

o   It was a political weapon that Lincoln used after the Northern victory at Antieam

o    It freed all slaves in territories still in rebellion under Confederate control

o    Lincoln wanted slaves to either runaway to the North or rebel